The Battle Over Example Research Paper and How to Win It

The Battle Over Example Research Paper and How to Win It These guidelines will help you in planning how to compose a reaction paper to a documentary. At least in the start, the training is extremely slow. You may easily depend on us to find essay help as we have a tendency to assist and guide the students with the aid of our professional experts. History writing assignments may vary widely--and you must always follow your professor's specific instructions--but the next steps are intended to help no matter what type of history paper you're writing. There's a drawing or sketch. No matter the character of your research if you're writing a paper an outline can help you to not just organize your thoughts but in addition function as the template for your whole paper. Always remember to talk to your instructor if you're writing a paper for a class. Top Example Research Paper Choices If you stop you won't lose any positive aspects. There are various types of care, based on individual needs. In case the service for instance, persons of unsound mind isn't round-the-clock, then it's a shared or single outpatient living, called Assisted Living. The digestive system is crucial to the health and wellness of individuals since it's the most important element that gives natural energy required to for thinking and movement. The cost of an essay is dependent upon the quantity of effort the writer has to exert. A safer and more strategic approach was shown to be more effective in the span of time. You may also do some studying to disco ver more about the points to discuss to be able to present a logical and compelling review. While mobile phone batteries are swapped every couple of decades, your analytics users are going to need changes every single day or sometimes every hour. Example Research Paper at a Glance Ensure you distinguish the important questions from the sub-questions. So, the one thing you must do is simply to organize information you've found and texts you have written for your research. Now there's a list of resources. Our research proves that simply presenting the numbers is insufficient. The Secret to Example Research Paper If you don't know or cannot locate the solution to something, at least be in accord with the solution you use. Successful papers aren't completed in one moment of genius or inspiration, but are developed over a string of steps. You may either opt to support the arguments or ideas in the movie, or concentrate on disputing them. Finding be subjects and the supporting evidence needed to produce your argument is the simple part. Any hypothesis will require proof. Developing your statement in the primary body, you will require some literature sources to refer to. As soon as you own a thesis, you can find that you want to do more research targeted to your particular argument. If you're writing a background synthesis, in some instances it could be appropriate that you offer you an interpretation of the material or have a position (thesis). Based on the approach which you may desire to pursue, there are specific considerations about how to compose a reaction paper to a documentary you ought to make. Some of the greatest research paper introduction samples incorporate primary resources supporting the argument or research of the issue. Our product isn't a virus, the truth is that it's quite the opposite. Regarding, from which angle you have a look at your topic, it is going to reflect unique facets. Example Research Paper Can Be Fun for Everyone Your paper ought to have a title that doesn't just announce the subject of the paper, but gives some indication of your argument. The outline is a brief paragraph, which is made up of three or four sentences and represents your plan of the whole paper. Therefore, it's far better to start with outlining your topic. The function of the outline is to supply you with a blueprint' of the paper and straightforward reference when writing. Although all the referenced information of the Chicago style research paper could be found in the footnotes, there's frequently a demand for students to create their bibliography list too. All you need to do is follow the directions in countless guides on the best way to format an MLA paper. Most professors do not demand a title page, so it's unnecessary unless they specify otherwise. Whether there are any main limitations of your work, you're able to also mention this in brief within the introduction. Besides such, advocating the correct foundations of succeeding can be an essential tool toward such fulfillment. The absolute most important problem faced by student is the shortage of wisdom and skill to research on a specific topic. In the recent decades, the issue of police brutality and excessive use of force has been increasing particularly in the usa.

College Uneducation by Jorge Bocobo - 1486 Words

COLLEGE UNEDUCATION† Jorge Bocobo About the Author Dr. Jorge Bocobo was born in Gerona, Tarlac in 1896. He studied in the private and public schools of his town during the Spanish regime, and he resumed his education during the early part of the America occupation. In 1903, he was among the first group of government pensionados sent to the United States on a scholarship. Dean Bocobo took up law at Indiana University and returned to the Philippines after completing his studies. He began working as a law clerk in the executive bureau of the government. Later, he was drafted into the newly founded College of Law where he taught Civil Law He is the principal author of the Civil Code of the Philippines. He was appointed as President†¦show more content†¦Vet how can we expect all this result from a state of affairs which reduces a law student to a code a prospective doctor to a prescriptions and a would-be an engineer to a mathematical formulas? How many students in our in our professional colleges ate doing any systematic reading in literature. May we not, indeed serious whether this fetish of specialization does not smother the inspiring sense of beauty and ennobling love of finer things that our students have it in them to unfold into full blown-magnificence. The Jading Dullness of Modern Life A thing of beauty is a joy forever, says Keats. But we know that beauty is a matter of taste, and unless we develop in us a proper appreciation of what is beautiful and sublime, everything around us is tedious and common place. We rise early and go out into the morning, but our spirit is unresponsive to the hopeful quietude and the dew-chastened sweetness of dawn. At night, we behold the myriad starts but they are just so many bright speaks, their soft fires do not soothe our troubled hearts and we do not experience that awesome, soul-stirring, fascination of the immense ties of God Universe. We ate bathed in the silver sheen of the moon and yet feel not the beatitude of the moment we gaze upon a vista of high mountains, but their silent strength has no appeal for us. We read some undying verses, still, their vibrant

Hamlets Grief Essay Example For Students

Hamlets Grief Essay The Grieving of HamletAlthough many different positions could be taken on writing an essay for this Shakespearian play, the author took it upon himself to write about Hamlets grief. His grief is obvious from the beginning of the play and he continues to grieve althroughout the play. Within his twenty-one-page essay, I chose this line to represent that I agree with his outlook on the play. his focus is on his grief and the profound impact in which the ghost has upon it. (Hamlet pg.18 paragraph 3)I strongly agree with this statement because Hamlet is continually showing huge amounts of grief throughout the play. Even in his opening words in the play he shows some amount of grief to his uncle, the new king, and his mother. His mother basically says that his father is dead, and that there is no bringing him back. So what good does it do for him to weep and mourn? Hamlet replies to this by saying:Seems madam nay it is! I know not seemsTis not alone my inky cloak, good mother,Not customary suit of solemn black. Not windy suspiration of forcd breath, No, nor the fruitful rover pf the eye,Nor the dejected haviour of the visage,Together with all forms, moods, shapes, of grief,That can denote me truly. These, indeed seems, For they are actions that a man might play;But I have that with in which passes showThese but the trappings and the suits of woe. (1,2,76-78)Clearly this shows Hamlet grieving his fathers death while showing hostility to the king and queen for being so deathly cold about the previous kings death. Also the readers can also see in Hamlets opening dialogue, it shows that he still has not come to terms with his fathers death and is still in the state of shock when we first see him. All throughout the play Hamlet mourns the loss of his father, especially since his father is appearing to him as a ghostly figure telling him to avenge his death, and throughout the play it sets the stage and shows us how he is plotting to get back at the assassinator. Such an instance where the ghost appears to Hamlet is when Hamlet and his mother are in her bedchamber where the ghost will make his last appearance. Hamlet tells his mother to look where the ghost appears but she cannot see it because he is the only one who that has the ability to see him. Queen: upon the heat and flame of thy distenger. Sprinkle cool patience. Whereon do you look? (3,4,127-128)Obviously she does not see what Hamlet sees. So Hamlet, in total disbelief says:On Him! On Him! Look you how pale he glares!His form and causes conjoined; preaching to stones,Would make them capable- Do not look upon me,Lest with this piteous action you convertMy stern effects then what I have to do. Will want true color tears perchance for blood. (3, 4,129-134)The author suggest that Shakespeares purpose in arousing them is not to call Hamlets character to judgement, but to expand our understanding of the nature and intensity of his suffering. Come upon Hamlet while he has still not even begun to assimilate the loss of a living father, while he is still freshly mourning, seemingly alone in Denmark, for the death of a king. (Hamlets, 18, 4)So my argument sides with sides with Arthur Kirsch, I also believe that Hamlet is grieving an incredible amount throughout the play. But I wo uld not even begin to understand what he is going through because I do not know what it is like to mourn over you fathers death. So Hamlet has every right to grieve considering the circumstances. In the end Hamlet gets what he is trying to get during the play and that is justice, and justice was served accordingly in his mind. Although Hamlet pays a high price for revenge, he did what his father had asked for a now he could close the final chapter of his life as being successful. .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a , .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a .postImageUrl , .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a , .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a:hover , .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a:visited , .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a:active { border:0!important; } .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a:active , .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua4d96f570b542f7d267b94ffb938718a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Effective dramatic irony EssayWords/ Pages : 688 / 24

LOGOGPHOBIA IN THE BIRDS Essay Research Paper free essay sample

LOGOGPHOBIA IN THE BIRDS Essay, Research Paper The Birds by Alfred Hitchcock is a stunning is a play where the bulk of the movie is taken up by birds-eye shootings of the birds winging over Bodega Bay. When the birds are garnering be aftering to assail there is no music ; there is besides really small conversation, save the shriek of the victims. These anguished ululation and the caw of the birds seem to intermix harmoniously to make a paralyzing blare of sounds that express panic far better than mere words could hold. In the concluding scene there is the most affecting usage of sound and neglect for words whereby the soundtrack fills with bird noises, punctuated by electronic screams. It is merely logical to now inquire why The Birds terminal on such an unfastened and unsolved note. The decision of the movie? and the decision of what many perceivers regard as the most epic period in Hitchcock? s calling? may turn straight from the misgiving of linguistic communication that is a outstanding motive in The Birds, in which spoken communicating is of small usage and even the hero sounds foolish when called on to joint solutions to the crises of the narrative. We will write a custom essay sample on LOGOGPHOBIA IN THE BIRDS Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Indeed, Hitchcock inaugurated his sound-film calling by worrying out loud that duologue might displace # 8220 ; the technique of the pure gesture picture. # 8221 ; lt ;< p>This inclination veers into logophobia ( fright of overly utilizing address ) in The Birds, which is about the futility of linguistic communication. The more its characters talk among themselves, the more utmost their jobs become. By contrast, birds can non speak, compose, or usage linguistic communication in any manner that a homo could place ; yet they seem of all time more organized and unified in the film. This form accounts for some of the movie? s boldest scenes, as when Melanie and the others make their concluding flight merely when Melanie loses the power of address and effectual motion after a peculiarly traumatic turn with the birds. On a more sweeping degree, the film? s deficiency of a conventionally resolved stoping signals Hitchcock? s ultimate gesture of desperation over the power non merely of words but of screenwriting and storytelling itself. His narrative is non yet concluded by any traditional criterion: The supporters are still in danger, their adversaries are stronger than of all time, and the emotional relationships of the characters are merely partly and tentatively untangled. Yet at this minute Hitchcock, like Prospero, abjures his powers of thaumaturgy and linguistic communication devising. It is the ensuing ocular and narrative stasis that cryptically allows his characters to fumble their manner toward? if non really to come in? a better universe.

One-Upmanship essays

One-Upmanship essays In a society of one-upmanship it falls on us to create an environment which is conducive to harmonious and peaceful coexistence....a Herculean task, not a mean feat to be accomplished effortlessly. In a society where one needs to get noticed amongst a sea of people to be given some credibility for ones merits, one-upmanship is a constant phenomenon governing ones life. Be it the daily mundane cores, to achieve ones own personal end or any lifetime achievement in a larger perspective that of the country, the world or humanity. That then instills in every human being a sense of competition and where there is competition there follows at heels the spirit of ruthlessness, and needless to add in a ruthless atmosphere, there is no place for mutual sympathy or any compassion for the other and the atmosphere is far from harmonious one. Competition is the spirit of one-upmanship and it certainly is not a healthy trend, as many tend to put it, of stretching oneself to reach ones own maximum po tential. On the contrary it simply inculcates the negative feelings of always wanting to outdo the other and in that process end up humiliating the other person, which again, is a total negation of harmony. I guess we can debate for hours whether competition is a natural principle, or whether it is something that is a result of our surroundings and our conditioning. The world is in a bad shape. There are too many obsolete and incomplete paradigms and competition is one of them. We are told that competition is good for us. It is a powerful, deeply entrenched and old-fashioned principle. It is not a paradigm of mutual benefit, but rather of winning and losing. It is incomplete. Take a soccer match, for example. Can both teams win? Dig deep into your imaginations. If the principle were to be "stretch" rather than "competition", both teams could win. The game could always be a draw and each team would try to do better next time. They w...

Types of Writing Classes

Types of Writing Classes There is no better way to become a better writer than to sign up for and take some basic writing classes.   These classes can be found all over the place, at local park districts or community colleges, to online clubs, or a local group that meets weekly at a cafe to discuss their work. I strongly believe that anyone who has any serious desires towards becoming a writer, or simply to improve their style and tone should be signed up for these classes and meeting with other writers.   They will critique your work and help you learn how to more effectively communicate your ideas in writing, which, of course, will help you grow as a writer and as a person. In my experience, the best classes are offered through colleges, though they are typically much more expensive there than anywhere else.   Try to find a community college where you can take some classes at a significant discount rather than a major state university or a private school.   In general, the classes will be significantly less money, and there will be fewer people in class, so you get more of a one-on-one with the teacher. Another option is to start, or to find a local group to meet with and discuss your writing with.   This is difficult for many people who aren’t sure where to look.   Indeed, these little clubs are a little hard to find, and many do not actively look for new members, so it is difficult to get into even if you can find one. The other option, which is often the best option for most people, is to enroll in an online writing class.   These classes are offered all over the place, often through colleges (again, expensive), but they do not require you to meet regularly or discuss in person, since everything is done through an online forum. Other times, there are types of writing classes which focus on giving you exercises and practice activities to engage your mind in writing on things that you normally wouldn’t consider writing about.   I personally think that these are more helpful to you than writing critique groups because they take you out of your element and force you to try something totally new.   This can help people who write only in one style by helping them realize new techniques that they can take from the new discipline and apply to their own. No matter what kind of class you decide on, make sure you take the time to go out and sign up for one right away.

Business management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Business management - Essay Example ives and the resources available (human, physical, financial etc.), each company prioritizes some competitive criteria, according to market tendencies and concentrates its efforts to get a competitive position relating to concurrence’. Ryanair is a firm that operates for many years in the airline industry. The main characteristic of the firm’s strategic choices is that they are all directed towards the provision of low cost services to the customers. This strategy has helped the firm to survive in its market and expand its activities in many countries (apart from Britain). The potential differentiation of the firm’s strategic choices is examined in this paper trying to identify the reasons that led the firm to remain stable in its strategies since its establishment. The strategic direction of a firm that operates within the modern market is an issue that can be criticized and evaluated primarily by the firm’s owners/ stakeholders. At a first level the firm’s managers have a series of strategic options available (like Porter’s five forces model and SWOT analysis that will be analyzed in the following sections) that can help them to decide on the appropriateness of their strategic choices. However, the use of the above mentioned strategic tools requires the competency of the managers to understand all the aspects and the role of these tools – in order for the firm to be actually benefited. The accurate and the extensive industry analysis is also mentioned by many researchers as an appropriate tool offering to the firms’ managers the appropriate support towards the development of the corporate initiatives and the increase of effectiveness of the corporate plans. In this context, it is noticed by Pritsker (1997, 3 2) that ‘industry analysis typically focuses on a companys external dimensions such as its markets, customers, and competitors’. In the case of Ryanair the strategic tools chosen by the firm’s managers should be appropriately customized

Addition to prescription drugs among elderly Annotated Bibliography

Addition to prescription drugs among elderly - Annotated Bibliography Example Administration on Aging. Retrieved from http://www.aoa.gov/AoARoot/AoA_Programs/HPW/Behavioral/docs2/Issue%20Brief%205%20Prescription%20Med%20Misuse%20Abuse.pdf The Administration on Aging (AOA) (2012) described the problem of prescription medication misuse and abuse among older adults, which is already a public health problem. Misuse and abuse of prescription drugs refer to non-medical use of prescription drugs. The brief argued that the elderly is prone to misuse and abuse of drugs that can have negative interaction effects. If some of the elderly are already abusing and misusing prescription drugs, the risks of abusing other drugs may be present and result to greater health problems. Costello, R.B., Leser, M., & Coates, P.M. (2009). Dietary supplements: Current knowledge and future frontiers. In C.W. Bales, & Ritchie C.S. (Eds.), Handbook of clinical nutrition and aging (2nd ed.) (pp.553-634). New York: Humana Press. Costello, Leser, and Coates (2009) noted that, though some kinds of herbal medicine have been found to be effective, its lack of regulation makes it hard to study how it works and what its toxicity levels are. They asserted that very few of current herbal medicines are tested for efficacy and toxicity levels. They explained that interaction risks between herbal supplements and prescription drugs of the elderly are high because the elderly tend to take in more medicine than younger adults. These researchers also talked about the dietary needs of the elderly that must be balanced with prescription drug effects. Djuv, A., Nilsen, O.G., & Steinsbekk, A. (2013). The co-use of conventional drugs and herbs among patients in Norwegian general practice: A cross-sectional study. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 13, 295. Retrieved from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/13/295 Djuv, Nilsen, and Steinsbekk (2013) conducted a cross-sectional study to understand the co-use of

Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. Case Study Essay Example for Free

Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. Case Study Essay

Coming of Age in Mississippi Essay -- essays research papers

The first main event that I believe led to Anne Moody becoming an activist for Civil Rights was when she was younger, her cousin George Lee was babysitting and he burned down the house in a fit of rage and when Daddy gets home he blames it on Essie Mae (Anne Moody). This foreshadows all of life’s injustices that will be thrown her way. The next time was when she made friends with white neighbors and they decided to go to the movies, Anne couldn’t sit with her friends, she had to sit in the balcony with all of the other blacks. She did not understand why it was this way. Another event was when she was in high school, she changes her name to Anne Moody, and a white boy, whose name was Emmitt Till who was visiting from Chicago, whistled at a white girl, and then a group of white men murdered him. This bothered Ann, and she didn’t work or sleep for days. When Samuel O’Quinn, a black empowerment activist and NAACP member tried to organize a meeting, the Princi ple Willis, who is an Uncle Tom, tattled on him. Samuel was shot by a mob of white men. The first experience of a civil rights movement was when she was attending Natchez College in Mississippi. The lunch lady served food with maggots in it. The cook, Miss Harris, knew that the food was spoiled but didn’t care. Anne organized a protest and it was successful. This was a hint of what was yet to come from Anne.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Blacks in the south didn’t know what it was like to be equal to whites. They’ve been to... Coming of Age in Mississippi Essay -- essays research papers The first main event that I believe led to Anne Moody becoming an activist for Civil Rights was when she was younger, her cousin George Lee was babysitting and he burned down the house in a fit of rage and when Daddy gets home he blames it on Essie Mae (Anne Moody). This foreshadows all of life’s injustices that will be thrown her way. The next time was when she made friends with white neighbors and they decided to go to the movies, Anne couldn’t sit with her friends, she had to sit in the balcony with all of the other blacks. She did not understand why it was this way. Another event was when she was in high school, she changes her name to Anne Moody, and a white boy, whose name was Emmitt Till who was visiting from Chicago, whistled at a white girl, and then a group of white men murdered him. This bothered Ann, and she didn’t work or sleep for days. When Samuel O’Quinn, a black empowerment activist and NAACP member tried to organize a meeting, the Princi ple Willis, who is an Uncle Tom, tattled on him. Samuel was shot by a mob of white men. The first experience of a civil rights movement was when she was attending Natchez College in Mississippi. The lunch lady served food with maggots in it. The cook, Miss Harris, knew that the food was spoiled but didn’t care. Anne organized a protest and it was successful. This was a hint of what was yet to come from Anne.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Blacks in the south didn’t know what it was like to be equal to whites. They’ve been to...

CIPD Assignment Submission Declaration Essay

Candidate declaration: I confirm that the work/evidence presented for assessment is my own unaided work. I have read the assessment regulations and understand that if I am found to have ‘copied’ from published work without acknowledgement, or from other candidate’s work, this may be regarded as plagiarism which is an offence against the assessment regulations and leads to failure in the relevant unit  and formal disciplinary action. I confirm that 75% of this submission comprises my own written work, in my own words. I declare that the word count limit includes all aspects of my written submission. I agree that title/contents page, references/bibliography are the only part of the submission that do not form part of the word-count’ I also agree that if my assessment is +/ – 10% of the word count the assessment will returned with the appropriate advice to reduce/ increase the word count, which may delay assessment feedback following the submission. I agree to this work being subjected to scrutiny by textual analysis software if required. I understand that my work may be used for future academic/quality assurance purposes in accordance with the provisions of the Data Protection Act 1998. I understand that the work/evidence submitted for assessment may not be returned to me and that I have retained a copy for my records. I understand that until such time as the assessment grade has been ratified through internal and external quality assurance processes it is not final. Name: (typed) Lucianne Powell Date: 1/12/14 1. Explain at least 2 purposes of performance management and its relationship to business objectives One purpose of performance management is to enhance and maintain a high level of individual and employee performance so an organisation can perform at its best. It is essential that employees are  appropriately managed so they can work to their full potential and understand what is expected of them. Another purpose of performance management is to motivate and engage employees. Employees’ should feel involved with this process by contributing to the organisations future direction and path. The more involved employees are means the more motivated employees will be to want to develop themselves within their roles. The benefit of motivating and engaging staff is that this will increase commitment to the organisation and decrease retention. In conclusion to these two purposes, if all employees are kept motivated and encouraged to work to their best abilities, it will result in individuals meeting their targets and sharing aims that are aligned to the overall business objectives. 2. Identify three components of performance management systems 1) Performance appraisal – The purpose of the appraisal is to review performance over a fixed period of time and discuss future development. This should be a two way discussion and should not involve any surprises to the employee. 2) Delivering feedback – Feedback is a vital part of a performance management system. It is important that an employee is given appropriate feedback that is open and transparent as this will identify part of the employees’ future development and training needs. Positive feedback should also be told to the employee as a way of recognising their good performance and keeping the employee motivated. 3) Managing under performance – Employees that are under performing need to be managed in an effective way so they can clearly understand what they need to improve on in a certain period of time. This can be done by setting clear objectives and communicating a deadline that the objectives need to be met at. These objectives should both be mutually agreed by both parties. 3. Explain the relationship between motivation and performance management, referring to at least two motivational theories. Motivation and performance management are very closely linked within an organisation. Motivation is established by the setting of incentives. We are all motivated from believing that if we take on certain behaviours, a reward will follow after. The more motivated and incentivised an individual is, the more likely they are to take a discretionary effect in their work by going above and beyond what is already expected of them. These extra efforts would certainly have a  positive impact on the revenue, retention and status of an organisation. One theorist that supports this belief is Vroom. Vroom’s expectancy theory assumes that an individual will decide to behave or act in a certain way as it will lead them to a desired outcome of what they are wanting. According to Vroom, an individual’s level of motivation depends on the three following beliefs: Expectancy is the perception on if we put more of an effort in our work; it will lead to increased performance. An employee must be confident that their efforts will result in better productivity and they have the ability to perform their work tasks well. Instrumentality is the belief that our actions will lead to a desired outcome. An employee must be confident that such increased performance with result in them achieving the desired reward or outcome. Valence is how much the individual values the expected outcome. For example, if someone is mainly motivated by money, they may not value the benefits of additional time off. Each individual will have different motivations at different points in time. A successful organisation needs to take into consideration the different motivational factors for each of its employees so that they can develop, increase and maintain motivation. Whilst remuneration and promotion are very obvious motivations, we also know that employees are motivated by other intangible factors such as having a feeling of belonging and personal growth. Abraham Maslow discovered a great way of structuring the motivation at different points in time. Maslow believed that individuals are motivated by their needs and when one need is fulfilled, an individual will strive to fulfil the next one. Maslow created a ‘hierarchy of needs’ pyramid. Maslow believed that if the deficiency needs aren’t fulfilled, individuals will not be able to move up to the more complex growth needs and therefore this will have an effect on their development. Maslow’s theory can be applied in the workplace but it is the manager’s responsibility to effectively identify each of its employees needs and know when they have fulfilled each one. For example, safety needs could mean a safe working condition to reduce stress and anxiety for an emplo yee. 4. Identify two purposes of reward within a performance management system. One purpose of reward within a performance management system is to attract and retain good employers. Low turnover and employee retention bring  benefits to an employer as it spends less time hiring and training new workers. Competiveness between organisations in the job market is always increasing so any organisation that develops a reputation as ‘cheap’ is unlikely to be desirable as potential employees will assume it does not reward effort fairly. Another purpose of reward within a performance management system is to motivate employees to be flexible and perform to the fullest extent of their capabilities. Although motivation has to come from within, reward can be used to encourage employees to go above and beyond in their roles. Reward can only motivate employees if the reward is attractive to the employee and the employee knows that the level of performance is achievable to them. 5. Describe at least 3 components of a reward system, 1 of which should be non-financial. A reward system is built up of the financial and non-financial components that are provided to employees in exchange for their time, talents, and efforts. Financial rewards are all rewards that have a monetary value and will add up to the total remuneration of an employee. Non-financial rewards are those which focus on the physiological needs employees have such as appreciation, influence and personal growth. Three key components of a reward system are; Recognition is awarding the employees who go above and beyond in their roles and behave in a way that is in line with the organisations business strategy. This will increase employee satisfaction by making employees feel more appreciated and invested in. Some examples of these rewards in the workplace are employee of the year awards, appreciation luncheons, long service awards and recognition programmes. Benefits – A benefits package is provided in addition to an employee’s total remuneration and form part of the total rewards package. These additional elements can include a pension, sick pay, private healthcare, life assurance, childcare vouchers and annual leave. An organisation should carefully consider and maintain what benefits it is going to have as each employee will have difference needs and circumstances. Developmental opportunities – A manager should acknowledge its employees’ developmental areas and should therefore offer the employee ways of ma stering that area. Some examples of learning opportunities within  workplaces are coaching, mentoring, on the job training and attending courses or seminars. 6. Explain the factors that should be considered with managing good and poor performance. Managing performance should be a continuous process that aims to improve an individual/organisational performance. It is a way of measuring what an employee contributes to the goals of their teams and the business as a whole. When managing performance we must consider the following factors; Employees must be able to understand their objectives and know what they need to do in order to meet them. Objectives are usually agreed at the start of a year so the individual can start the year knowing what they need to achieve and can then be reviewed at the end of the year. Agreeing the objectives should be a two way discussion between the line manager and employee. An effective objective should be achievable but challenging, it should be relevant to the department and business, should be easily measurable and it should have a timeframe of when it needs to be achieved. It is important that an employee re ceives regular feedback when it comes to managing performance. Feedback needs to be given to employees so they can understand how they are progressing and what they need to improve on. Feedback shouldn’t have any mix messages. If improvements need to be made to an employees’ performance, the constructive feedback should be given in a timely and effective manner so the employee can soon think of solutions. It is important to focus on the resources that the employee uses within their role as this could be having an effect on their performance. A manager should listen and address any issues that an employee may have but the manager needs to be sure that these issues are genuine as employees’ can often blame external sources before admitting their own fault. When managing poor performance, a manager should identify what is causing the employee to underperform; they should do this by addressing the underperformance with the employee in one to one meetings. Managers need to be trained in handling difficult conversations and need to feel confident in handling any sensitive conversations. It is important that a manager provides the relevant support as it will help the underperforming employee understand the opportunities for improving their performance and taking the necessary action. Organisations often manage poor performance formally through a performance improvement plan (PIP). The PIP should be closely monitored and should set out the following; The performance problem The timescale for achieving this improvement A review date Specify possible consequences if performance standards are not met Any training that the employer will provide to assist the employee. 7. Describe at least 2 items of data, including 1 external to the organisation. There are many integral documents to a performance review. Documentation helps to structure a performance review and give clear guidelines of what needs to be covered during the meeting. An item of data that can be used internally is a self-appraisal. A self-appraisal forms part of an employees’ performance review. The self-appraisal influences an individual to reflect on their performance and as a result they are more aware of their behaviour and actions which have had a consequence on their performance. The self-appraisal should give examples of what the employee believe they have done well in the past year and what they think they can improve on in the future. A manager and employee will use the self-appraisal to form the basis of discussion during the meeting. A job description can be used as a way of measuring performance as the description provides a useful guide as to what is expected of an employee. The job description can cover the core competencies that the employee is required to be fulfilling. Visualising these competencies will help a line manager to determine how an employee is performing and what their developmental needs are. An external form of data that can be used is gathering external feedback. This is a process when an employee will ask its customers for feedback usually through use of a questionnaire. This can help determine whether an employee is meeting their objectives. The benefit of gathering external feedback is that it takes into consideration other people’s views and therefore is viewed to be more objective and valid. The disadvantage of external feedback is it can be very costly and has over-reliance on technology. 8. Explain the frequency, purpose and process of performance review. Performance reviews usu ally take place twice a year in the form of a mid-year review and then an annual review which would take place at the end of a financial year. The purpose of a performance review is to provide employees’ with feedback on their performance The review should take place in a private and comfortable room away from any disruptions. The line manager should start the meeting off by explaining its purpose and what they will be discussing. The line manager would usually open up discussion by asking how the employee has felt the past 6 months or year has gone for them and discuss if the employee has effectively met their objectives. If an employee has completed a self-appraisal before the meeting, this can also form the basis for a discussion. It’s important to talk about any developmental areas for the employee and suggest ways on how this could be tackled. Managers should discuss any feedback that had been gathered on the employee and it’s important to discuss any developmental areas for the employee with suggestive ways on how this can be tackled. If there had been regular catch ups, the employee should have an idea of how the year has gone and therefore, nothing should come as a big surprise. Managers should encourage employees’ to suggest their own objectives for the coming year and any plans that are agreed should be noted on the appraisal form. An organisation with performance related pay would have a rating scale which shows the level of performance an employee has reached. The employee should be told of their decided rating in their review with what their salary increase and bonus payment will be. CHRP/CLDP ASSESSMENT Supporting Good Practice in Performance and Reward Management (3PRM) Ref No F306A – Version 2 June 2012 Student name: CRITERIA MET/ NOT YET MET COMMENTS LO1: Be able to explain the link between organisational success, performance management and motivation (Activity 1) 1 Describe the purpose of performance management and its relationship to business objectives. 2 Explain the components of performance management systems 3 Explain the relationship between motivation and performance management LO2: Be able to explain the relationship between performance management and reward (Activity 1) 1 Explain the purpose of reward within a performance management system 2.2 Identify and explain the components of an effective total reward system LO3: Be able to contribute to effective performance and reward management in the workplace (Activity 1) 3.1 Identify and explain the factors that need to be considered when managing performance. 3.2 Describe the data required by individuals involved in performance and reward management processes. LO4: Be able to conduct and reflect upon a performance review (Activities 1 & 2) 4.1 Explain the frequency, purpose and process of performance review. 4.2 Conduct a performance review meeting. 4.3 Reflect on the outcomes of the performance review ASSESSMENT OUTCOME Students should please note that the above Assessment Outcome for this Unit is provisional and is subject to Internal Acacia Learning verification (IV) and external CIPD Verification (EV). Tutor’s signature Date BOTOX UK LTD PERFORMANCE REVIEW FORM Date of Review: 11 November 2014 Period Covered: 1 May 2014 – 1 November 2014 Name of Manager: Lucianne Powell Name of employee: Becki Thomas Job Role of Employee: Sales Consultant 1. Summary of discussion on performance over the last six months Becki and I discussed the areas of her job that she has performed well in the last 6 months and the areas of her job that she would like to develop and improve on. Becki has mainly felt that the last 6 months could have been better for her in regards to her sales targets but we have discussed the ways in which this can be overcome and Becki is very motivated in doing anything she can to increase her sales so I have every faith in her that she will. 2. The quality of the work provided, recording areas that have gone well and those where improvement is required Becki has shown herself to be a great team player which is one of the main attributes to becoming successful here at Botox. Becki always actively contributes to and supports her team and the team find Becki great to work with. Customers have given very positive feedback on Becki to say that they have all found her very pleasant on the phone and can fully trust that she will complete a task that she is given which is brilliant. Becki’s sales targets have dipped in the last 6 months and this has been very concerning for the Management team. As time goes on, Becki will need to continue to build up relationships with different clients and this will increase her sales. 3. Record performance against targets set and in those cases where they have not been met, record the reasons given and your views on these Objective 1) Increase number of sales by 50% over the next 6 months. Becki has not met this objective but we have discussed the reasons why she has not met this. Becki has been going through a difficult time at home the last few months and this has been affecting her work. I have agreed that this can be an on-going objective for Becki and we will have regular catch ups to discuss if Becki’s sales targets are increasing. Objective 2) Build up client relationships by attending more networking opportunities. Becki has met this objective by successfully attending the networking events and I have witnessed her actively socialising to potential clients. This is an excellent opportunity for Becki to gain more sales in the coming future. 4. Outline agreed actions to overcome any shortfall against targets including such factors as training and development needs, equipment needs or medical support Actions by line manager: Actions by employee: To arrange a temporary change to Becki’s hours of work and regularly meet with Becki to discuss if the working arrangement is working and agree on a date for the Becki to go back to her full time hours. Once Becki’s hours are temporarily changed, she will need to make it to work on time every day and start to increase her sales. To arrange for Becki to go on a sales course and request her feedback on the course. To attend the sales course. This should hopefully get Becki back into the swing of selling. 5. Indicate whether a performance related bonus should be made at current rates. (In circumstances where the full target has not been met a case must be made before any partial bonus payment can be paid, with reasons provided for that recommendation) I have taken into consideration that Becki has been through a difficult time recently at home and I know that when focussed Becki is fully capable of reaching the desired sales targets so I have agreed to award Becki with a bonus of  £500. I hope that once her childcare is in place, she can then become more focussed on increasing her sales. Signed: Employee: Becki Thomas Date: 11 November 2014 Line Manager: Lucianne Powell Date: 11 November 2014 OBSERVATION RECORD – 3PRM Candidate’s name: Lucianne Powell Observation Assessment: PASS Unit 3PRM – Learning Outcome No 4: Be able to conduct and reflect upon a performance review. Skills required Assessor feedback – to be completed by the assessor with notes to support the decision Identify purpose Informative account given to Becki at the start of the meeting re its purpose and what you planned to cover during the course of the discussion Plan meeting: 6. aims and objectives 7. questions 8. roles/resources 9. structure. Your supporting notes demonstrated that you had spent some time preparing for the meeting and it followed a logical path. Key elements of a review meeting were addressed e.g. reviewing performance, setting objectives and bonus payment considerations, Prepare suitable environment. Used the table and sat side by side to each other/the table. Both parties appeared comfortable with this arrangement Open meeting appropriately: introductions aims and objectives. A little bit ‘programmed /scripted’ at first with an over-reliance on your  notes, but once you settled into the role and nerves were dispelled your discussion became much more natural. You let Becki know the format of the meeting and that notes would be taken and that she would be able to see them – good. Establish rapport and put candidate at ease. Your personable style and empathetic manner helped to establish a rapport and relax the interviewee. Plenty of ‘positive strokes’ telling her how much she was valued as an employee and giving her the positive feedback received from her colleagues /customers all helped to make for congenial discussion and for her to feel supported – good Use appropriate questioning techniques: open questions clarifying. Open questions were used to encourage Becki to talk and reflect – I particularly liked your question asking for her thoughts on where she had performed well – this helped to ensure the discussion did not just focus on her immediate personal problems – well done! Control meeting without dominating. You adopted the ‘manager’ role by setting the scene, keeping the meeting focused and controlling its structure but this was all done in a collaborative and non-threatening manner. Communicate (listening and speaking) effectively with candidate, using appropriate body language. Good listening skills evidenced, lots of head nodding, eye contact made to encourage Becki to talk and to show you were interested; your body posture was open and non-threatening. You gave lots of motivational and supportive comments which certainly helped to show Becki that she was appreciated and supported. Very helpful and willing to meet her needs although in the real world, a line manager may not be so accommodating! Invite, and deal with, candidate questions. Invited Becki to ask questions and self-reflect – responded to these thoughtfully and constructively Identify any development needs and actions. Learning and development needs were touched upon but not explored fully – a more detailed discussion would need to take place regarding the ‘sales course’ and her longer term career ambitions once she was ‘back on track’. Advise asking the reviewee if they had any objectives to bring to the table before outlining yours! Conclusion and summary A clear account given of actions going forward and kindly informed that she would get  £500 bonus even though sales had dipped – nice touch! Conduct meeting within legal and ethical requirements. Legal and ethical considerations were duly adhered to. Advise to take notes during the meeting – doubt you would not remember all the key points without them!

Mercedes Benz Essay

Mercedes-Benz (German pronunciation: [mÉ›Ê Ã‹Ë†tÍ ¡seË dÉ™s ˈbÉ›ntÍ ¡s]) is a multinational division of the German manufacturer Daimler AG, and the brand is used for luxury automobiles, buses, coaches, and trucks. Mercedes-Benz is headquartered in Stuttgart, Baden-Wà ¼rttemberg, Germany. The name first appeared in 1926 under Daimler-Benz but traces its origins to Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft’s 1901 Mercedes and to Karl Benz’s 1886 Benz Patent Motorwagen, which is widely regarded as the first automobile. Mercedes-Benz’s slogan is â€Å"Das Beste oder nichts† (English: â€Å"The best or nothing†). Mercedes-Benz is part of the â€Å"German Big 3† luxury automakers, along with Audi and BMW, which are the three best selling luxury automakers in the world.[1][2] Contents [hide] Karl Benz made the 1886 Benz Patent Motorwagen, which is widely regarded as the first automobile, in Mannheim, Germany Mercedes-Benz traces its origins to Karl Benz’s creation of the first petrol-powered car, the Benz Patent Motorwagen, patented in January 1886[3] and Gottlieb Daimler and engineer Wilhelm Maybach’s conversion of a stagecoach by the addition of a petrol engine later that year. The Mercedes automobile was first marketed in 1901 by Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft. The first Mercedes-Benz brand name vehicles were produced in 1926, following the merger of Karl Benz’s and Gottlieb Daimler’s companies into the Daimler-Benz company.[3] Throughout the 1930s, Mercedes-Benz produced the 770 model, a car that was popular during Germany’s Nazi period. Adolf Hitler was known to have driven multiple of these cars during his time in power, with bulletproof windshields. Most of the surviving models have been sold at auctions to private buyers. One of them is currently on display at the War Museum in Ottawa, Ontario. Mercedes-Benz has introduced many technological and safety innovations that later became common in other vehicles.[4] Mercedes-Benz is one of the best known and established automotive brands in the world, and is also the world’s oldest automotive brand still in existence today. For information relating to the famous three-pointed star, see under the title Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft including the merger into Daimler-Benz. Subsidiaries and alliances[edit source | editbeta] As part of the Daimler AG company, the Mercedes-Benz Cars division includes Mercedes-Benz and Smart car production.[5] Mercedes-AMG[edit source | editbeta] Mercedes-AMG became a majority owned division of Mercedes-Benz in 1998.[6] The company was integrated into DaimlerChrysler in 1999,[7] and became Mercedes-Benz AMG beginning on 1 January 1999.[8] Mercedes-Benz McLaren[edit source | editbeta] Between 2003 and 2009, Mercedes-Benz produced a limited-production sports car with McLaren Cars. The resulting Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren was an extension of the collaboration by which Mercedes engines are used by the Team McLaren-Mercedes Formula One racing team, which was then part owned by Mercedes. McLaren ceased production of the SLR in 2009 and went on to develop its own car, the McLaren MP4-12C, launched in 2011. Maybach[edit source | editbeta] Daimler’s ultra-luxury brand Maybach was under Mercedes-Benz cars division until 2013, when the production stopped due to poor sales volumes. Production[edit source | editbeta] Factories[edit source | editbeta] Besides its native Germany, Mercedes-Benz vehicles are also manufactured or assembled in: Argentina – manufactures buses, trucks and the Sprinter van. This is the first Mercedes-Benz factory outside of Germany. Built in 1951.[9] Austria (G-Class)[10] Bosnia and Herzegovina Brazil[11] – manufactures trucks and buses. Established in 1956. The A-Class (W168) was produced from 1999 to 2005 and the C-Class was produced until 2010 as well. Canada China Egypt via Egyptian German Automotive Company Hungary[12] India (Pune)[13] India, Chennai (Daimler India Commercial Vehicle ) – Trucks & Engine Manufacturing unit India, Bangalore (R&D) Indonesia[14] Iran (not since 2010[15]) Malaysia[16] Mexico – (Mercedes-Benz Mexico fully manufactures some Mercedes and Daimler vehicles completely from locally built parts (C-Class, E-Class, M-Class, International trucks, Axor, Atego, and Mercedes Buses), manufactures other models in complete knock down kits (CL-Class, CLK-Class, SL-Class, SLK-Class) and manufactures a select number of models in semi knockdown kits which use both imported components and locally sourced Mexican components (S-Class, CLS-Class, R-Class, GL-Class, Sprinter). Nigeria[17] – assembly of buses, trucks, utility motors and the Sprinter van Philippines Russia – joint venture Mercedes-Benz Car Trucks Vostok in Naberezhnye Chelny (jointly Kamaz) .Available in trucks Actros, Axor, multi-purpose auto four wheel drive medium trucks Unimog. Spain – factory at Vitoria-Gasteiz, Mercedes-Benz Vito, Viano and V-Class have been built there. South Africa[18] South Korea – Mercedes-Benz Musso and MB100 models manufactured by SsangYong Motor Company. Thailand – assembly of C, E and S class vehicles by the Thonburi Group[19] Turkey (Mercedes-Benz Tà ¼rk A.Åž.)[20] United Kingdom – the SLR sports car was built at the McLaren Technology Centre in Woking. Brackley, Northamptonshire, is home to the Mercedes Grand Prix factory, and Brixworth, Northamptonshire is the location of Mercedes-Benz HighPerformanceEngines United States – the Mercedes-Benz M-Class Sport Utility, the R-Class Sport Tourer, and the full-sized GL-Class Luxury Sport Utility Vehicle are all built at the Mercedes-Benz U.S. International production facility near Tuscaloosa, Alabama.[21] Trucks (6,000 per year in the late seventies) were once assembled in Hampton, VA.[22] Vietnam – assembly of passenger cars and commercial vehicles. Established in 1995.[23] Jordan : buses company factory Elba House, Amman . Quality rankings[edit source | editbeta] Since its inception, Mercedes-Benz had maintained a reputation for its quality and durability. Objective measures looking at passenger vehicles, such as J. D. Power surveys, demonstrated a downturn in reputation in these criteria in the late 1990s and early 2000s. By mid-2005, Mercedes temporarily returned to the industry average for initial quality, a measure of problems after the first 90 days of ownership, according to J. D. Power.[24] In J. D. Power’s Initial Quality Study for the first quarter of 2007, Mercedes showed dramatic improvement by climbing from 25th to 5th place and earning several awards for its models.[25] For 2008, Mercedes-Benz’s initial quality rating improved by yet another mark, to fourth place.[26] On top of this accolade, it also received the Platinum Plant Quality Award for its Mercedes’ Sindelfingen, Germany assembly plant.[26] J. D. Power’s 2011 US Initial Quality and Vehicle Dependability Studies both ranked Mercedes-Benz vehicles above average in build quality and reliability.[27][28] In the 2011 UK J. D. Power Survey, Mercedes cars rated above average.[29] Models[edit source | editbeta] Mercedes-Benz A-Class (compact) Mercedes-Benz C-Class (D-segment) Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class (4-door coupà ©) Mercedes-Benz E-Class (Executive car) Mercedes-Benz S-Class (luxury sedan) Mercedes-Benz SL-Class (sportscar) Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Black Series (supercar) Mercedes-Benz M-Class (luxury SUV) Current model range[edit source | editbeta] Mercedes-Benz carries a full range of passenger, light commercial and heavy commercial equipment. Vehicles are manufactured in multiple countries worldwide. The Smart marque of city cars and Maybach luxury cars are also produced by Daimler AG. Models: A-Class – Hatchback B-Class – Multi Purpose Vehicle (MPV) C-Class – Saloon, Estate & Coupà © CL-Class – Luxury Coupà © CLA-Class – 4 Door Coupà © CLS-Class – 4 Door Coupà © E-Class – Saloon, Estate, Coupà © and Cabriolet G-Class – Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV) GL-Class – Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV) GLA-Class – Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV) GLK-Class – Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV) M-Class – Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV) R-Class – Multi Purpose Vehicle (MPV) S-Class – Luxury Sedan SL-Class – Roadster SLK-Class – Roadster SLS AMG – Coupà © and Roadster Viano – Multi Purpose Vehicle (MPV) Citan – Mini MPV Trucks[edit source | editbeta] See also: List of Mercedes-Benz trucks Mercedes-Benz Zetros used for snowplowing Unimog, a famous allround vehicle by Mercedes-Benz Mercedes-Benz Trucks is now part of the Daimler Trucks division, and includes companies that were part of the DaimlerChrysler merger. Gottlieb Daimler sold the world’s first truck in 1886.[30] Buses[edit source | editbeta] Main article: Mercedes-Benz buses Mercedes-Benz produces a wide range of buses and coaches, mainly for Europe and Asia. The first model was produced by Karl Benz in 1895. Limousines[edit source | editbeta] The Mercedes-Benz 600 or 600S Pullman Guard limousines offer a â€Å"bulletproof† option and have been used by diplomats worldwide.[31] Vans[edit source | editbeta] Mercedes-Benz Sprinter used as a police bus Mercedes-Benz Viano Mercedes-Benz produces a range of vans including the Mercedes-Benz Vito, Mercedes-Benz Sprinter and Mercedes-Benz Vario. In 2012 it announced the Mercedes-Benz Citan, a version of the Renault Kangoo. The first factory to be built outside Germany after WWII was in Argentina. It originally built trucks, many of which were modified independently to buses, popularly named Colectivo. Today, it builds buses, trucks and the Sprinter van.[citation needed] Significant models produced[edit source | editbeta] 1928: SSK racing car 1930: 770 â€Å"Großer Mercedes† state and ceremonial car 1934: 500 K 1936: 260 D World’s first diesel production car 1936: 170 1938: W195 Speed Record-breaker 1951: Mercedes-Benz 300, knownly as â€Å"Adenauer Mercedes† 1953: â€Å"Ponton† models 1954: 300SL â€Å"Gullwing† 1959: â€Å"Fintail† models 1960: 220SE Cabriolet[disambiguation needed] 1963: 600 â€Å"Grand Mercedes† 1963: 230SL â€Å"Pagoda† 1965: Mercedes-Benz S-Class 1966: 300SEL 6.3 1968: W114 â€Å"new generation† compact cars 1969: C111 experimental vehicle 1972: Mercedes-Benz W107 350SL 1974: 450SEL 6.9 1975: Mercedes-Benz W123 Wagon – Mercedes’ first station wagon 1978: 300SD – Mercedes’ first turbo diesel 1979: 500SEL and G-Class 1983: 190E 2.3–16 1990: 500E 1991: 600SEL 1995: First ‘Joint Mercedes-Benz & AMG’ (C43 AMG) 1995: Mercedes-Benz SL73 AMG, 7.3 V12 (biggest engine ever put in a Mercedes-Benz) 1996: Mercedes-Benz SLK 1997: Mercedes-Benz A-Class and M-Class 2004: Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren and CLS-Class 2007: E320, GL320 Bluetec, ML320 Bluetec, R320 Bluetec 2010: Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Car nomenclature[edit source | editbeta] Until 1994, Mercedes-Benz used an alphanumeric system for categorising their vehicles, consisting of a number sequence approximately equal to the engine’s displacement in liters multiplied by 100, followed by an arrangement of alphabetical suffixes indicating body style and engine type. â€Å"C† indicates a coupe or cabriolet body style. â€Å"D† indicates the vehicle is equipped with a diesel engine.†E† (for â€Å"Einspritzung†) indicates the vehicle’s engine is equipped with petrol fuel injection. In most cases (the 600 limousine being the exception), if neither â€Å"E† or â€Å"D† is present, the vehicle has a petrol engine with a carburettor. â€Å"G† indicates the Gelà ¤ndewagen off-road vehicle. â€Å"K† was used in the 1930s, indicating a supercharger (â€Å"Kompressor†) equipped engine. One exception is the SSK, where K indicates â€Å"Kurz† (short-wheelbase). â€Å"L† indicates â€Å"Leicht† (lightweight) for sporting models, and â€Å"Lang† (long-wheelbase) for sedan models. â€Å"R† indicates â€Å"Rennen† (racing), used for racing cars (for example, the 300SLR). â€Å"S† Sonderklasse â€Å"Special class† for flagship models. â€Å"T† indicates â€Å"Touring† and an estate (or station wagon) body style. Some models in the 1950s also had lower-case letters (b, c, and d) to indicate specific trim levels. For other models, the numeric part of the designation does not match the engine displacement. This was done to show the model’s position in the model range independent of displacement or in the price matrix. For these vehicles, the actual displacement in liters is suffixed to the model designation. An exception was the 190-class with the numeric designation of â€Å"190† as to denote its entry level in the model along with the displacement label on the right side of the boot (190E 2.3 for 2.3-litre 4-cylinder petrol motor, 190D 2.5 for 2.5-litre 5-cylinder diesel motor, and so forth). Some older models (such as the SS and SSK) did not have a number as part of the designation at all. For the 1994 model year, Mercedes-Benz revised the naming system. Models were divided into â€Å"classes† denoted by an arrangement of up to three letters (see â€Å"Current model range† above), followed by a three-digit (or two-digit for AMG models, with the number approximately equal to the displacement in litres multiplied by 10) number related to the engine displacement as before. Variants of the same model such as an estate version or a vehicle with a diesel engine are no longer given a separate letter. The SLR and SLS supercars do not carry a numerical designation. Today, many numerical designations no longer reflects the engine’s actual displacement but more of the relative performance and marketing position. Despite its engine displacement in two litres, the motor in A45 AMG produces more than 375 horsepowers so the designation is higher as to indicate the higher performance. Another example is the E250 CGI having greater performance than the E200 CGI due to the different engine tuning even though both have 1.8-litre engines. From the marketing perspectives, E200 seems more â€Å"upscale† than E180. Recent AMG models use the â€Å"63† designation (in honor of the 1960s 6.3-litre M100 engine) despite being equipped with either a 6.2-litre (M156) or 5.5-litre (M157) engine. Some models carry further designations indicating special features: â€Å"4MATIC† indicates the vehicle is equipped with all-wheel-drive. â€Å"BlueTEC† indicates a diesel engine with selective catalytic reduction exhaust aftertreatment. â€Å"BlueEFFICIENCY† indicates special fuel economy features (direct injection, start-stop system, aerodynamic modifications, etc.) â€Å"CGI† (Charged Gasoline Injection) indicates direct gasoline injection. â€Å"CDI† (Common-rail Direct Injection) indicates a common-rail diesel engine. â€Å"Hybridâ⠂¬  indicates a gasoline- or diesel-electric hybrid. â€Å"NGT† indicates a natural gas-fueled engine. â€Å"Kompressor† indicates a supercharged engine. â€Å"Turbo† indicates a turbocharged engine, only used on A-, B-,E- and GLK-Class models. All model designation badges can be deleted upon the c

Gaelic football Essays

Gaelic football Essays Gaelic football Essay Gaelic football Essay Present sporting Activity: At present I take part in various sporting activities. Some for recreational purposes such as my local leisure centres volleyball team, and others for competitive purposes such as camogie and Gaelic football.  I also play Gaelic football for my school and also for my parish team. I also play camogie for my school team. I have been playing camogie and football for about nine or ten years now. My main position on a football team is centre halfback; this position requires a lot of cardiovascular fitness, muscular endurance. Planning the programme.  Purpose of my PEP.  It is my intention through this Personal Exercise Programme to improve my cardiovascular fitness as well as my muscular endurance. As a Gaelic football player I understand just how important these two components are in relation to the game of Gaelic football. They are vital to promote good performance throughout a match. By improving these components I hope to improve my own performance throughout a match. Improving my cardio-vascular fitness will help me to be more involved in the game, it will enable me to keep working at a steady rate throughout the match and better take on the role as an attacking back. As we know players generally tend to become tired whilst playing a match, this tends to result in making more mistakes resulting in more mistakes being made. Gaelic football requires a number of fitness components some of which are concerned specifically with my leg muscles, I hope to maintain the quality of soloing the ball throughout a sixty-minute match. : Gaelic football requires a number of fitness components.  Before selecting which fitness components I wanted to focus on in my PEP it was first necessary to:  A) Examine all fitness components, which play a part in Gaelic Football.  B) Examine my own personal fitness levels.  In fulfilling part A it will be possible to highlight which fitness components are arguably more important than others for the footballer.  In fulfilling part B it will be possible to see, which components most require work and to establish a suitable degree of overload for my first session. Fitness components  Below I will explain the different fitness components, which are required in my sport of Gaelic. In analysing the sports fitness components it is possible to see which components are arguably more important for this sport than others are important in relation to Gaelic football it will prove more beneficial for me if I focus on the most important aspects of my fitness for my chosen sport. According to Wesson Et Al Cardiovascular fitness  This is the ability to provide and sustain energy aerobically. It is dependent upon the ability of the cardiovascular system to transport and utilise oxygen during sustained exercise. Increasing cardiovascular fitness means increasing the capability of the heart and the rest of the cardiovascular system in their most important task, to supply oxygen and energy to your body.  Having good cardiovascular fitness has many health benefits. For example, it decreases your risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke, high blood pressure, diabetes and other diseases. Cardiovascular fitness is best improved by activities, which employ large muscle groups working dynamically. Such activities include walking, jogging, running, swimming, skating, cycling, stair climbing and cross-country skiing. Muscular Endurance  This is the ability of a muscle or group of muscles to sustain repeated contractions against a resistance for sixty minutes. As we know a game of Gaelic football lasts about one hour. Muscular endurance is required in order to be able to withstand the pace throughout the whole game. Muscular endurance is also required for soloing, kicking and hand passing. If muscular endurance is under-developed, technique and accuracy will deteriorate. Muscular Strength  This is the maximum force that can be developed in a muscle or group of muscles during a single maximum contraction. Muscular strength is used in a football match to give distance to a kick. A high level of muscular strength can leave the legs feeling stronger and can delay effects of fatigue so that a better performance can be seen. Muscular strength is also needed when tackling opponents or indeed when being tackled. Muscular Power  Generating the maximum force (strength) in relation to time (speed). Within Gaelic football muscular power is important, as it is needed for such skills as high fielding.  Flexibility  This is the range of movement possible at a joint, it is determined by the elasticity of ligaments and tendons. Usually the type of joint determines the degree of movement as joints are used either for stability or mobility. Flexibility is required in the game of Gaelic football in order to the pick the ball of the ground. Flexibility in the ankle joint is also required while soloing. This is the ability to put body parts into motion quickly or to the maximum rate that a person can move over a specific distance. Speed generally tends to be determined by the physiological make-up of the muscles. In Gaelic football speed is required in order to overcome the opponent and meet the ball before ones marker.

Nitrogen (N2)â€Its Discovery, Danger and Uses

Nitrogen (N2)- Its Discovery, Danger and Uses Nitrogen is the primary gas in the atmosphere. It makes up 78.084 percent by volume in dry air, and that makes it the most common gas in the atmosphere. Its atomic symbol is N and its atomic number is 7.   The Discovery of Nitrogen   Daniel Rutherford discovered nitrogen in 1772. He was a Scottish chemist and a physician with a passion for understanding gases, and he owed his discovery to a mouse. When Rutherford placed the mouse in a sealed, enclosed space, the mouse naturally died when its air ran low. He then attempted to burn a candle in the space. The flame didnt fare well either. He tried phosphorous next with much the same result.   He then forced the remaining air through a solution that absorbed the carbon dioxide that remained in it. Now he had air that was devoid of both oxygen and carbon dioxide. What remained was nitrogen, which Rutherford initially called noxious or phlogisticated air. He determined that this remaining gas was expelled by the mouse before it died.   Nitrogen in Nature   Nitrogen is a part of all plant and animal proteins. The nitrogen cycle is a pathway in nature that transforms nitrogen into usable forms. Although much of the fixation of nitrogen occurs biologically, such as with Rutherfords mouse, nitrogen can be fixed by lightning as well. Its colorless, odorless and tasteless.   Everyday Uses for Nitrogen You may regularly consume traces of nitrogen because its often used to preserve foods, particularly those that are prepacked for sale or sold in bulk. It delays oxidative damage- rotting and spoiling- by itself or  when combined with carbon dioxide. Its also used to maintain pressure in beer kegs.   Nitrogen powers paintball guns. It has a place in making dyes and explosives.   In the health care field, its widely used in pharmacology and is commonly found in antibiotics. Its used in X-ray machines and as an anesthetic in the form of nitrous oxide. Nitrogen is used to preserve blood, sperm and egg samples.   Nitrogen as a Greenhouse Gas Compounds of nitrogen, and particularly nitrogen oxides NOx, are considered greenhouse gases. Nitrogen is used as a fertilizer in soils, as an ingredient in industrial processes, and is released during the burning of fossil fuels.   Nitrogens Role in Pollution   Sharp rises in the number of nitrogen compounds measured in the air began surfacing during the Industrial Revolution. Nitrogen compounds are a primary component in the formation of ground-level ozone. In addition to causing respiratory problems, nitrogen compounds in the atmosphere contribute to the formation of acid rain. Nutrient pollution, a major environmental problem in the 21st century, results from excess nitrogen and phosphorous accumulated in water and air. Together, they promote underwater plant growth and algae growth, and they can destroy water habitats and upset ecosystems when theyre allowed to proliferate unchecked. When these nitrates find their way into drinking water- and this sometimes occurs- it presents health dangers, particularly for infants and the elderly.

A Comparison of Some Methods of Cluster Analysis with SPSS Dissertation

A Comparison of Some Methods of Cluster Analysis with SPSS - Dissertation Example duction to Classification and Clustering Statistical analysis is the process by which those conducting research and analysing data, can determine who or what within a dataset, fit certain patterns and trends. There is always a dependent or prominent variable which is affected by independent variables under different analytical circumstances and then there is clustering a group of people, for example, who may have similar buying propensities or who respond the same way to a certain dosage in a medical treatment (Norusis 361). As Burns and Burns describe it, cluster analysis classifies ‘a mountain of information into manageable meaningful piles’ (552). Clustering into groups helps in identifying and classifying particular categories into a membership, from which a classification rule is determined. In a simple description of cluster analysis, it is a generic name for mathematical operations which determine what classified objects fit closely in a group (Romesburg 2). Analy sis conducted on a batch of rocks as the main group, will show through analysis that some are classified as simple round pebbles, others are quartz, rough diamonds (hopefully) or fool’s gold (typical luck). Characteristics of the rocks then reclassify into smaller clustered groups, depending on the goal of the research (2). Linkage between the variables, the cases and the clusters are a main proponent of cluster analysis (Burns and Burns 1). Classification analysis is used more often in regular research analysis than people realize and there are several ways of approaching classifications, as reviewed in the next section. Information and marketing research has found ways to conduct all types of cluster sampling, for example, in order to learn more about what is happening in their market with consumers, their purchasing habits, and where these are occurring. One popular form of research is through area sampling, where clusters are done by geographic designations such as north, northwest, south, southwest, and so on, or by metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), such as cities, streets, and regional divisions (Hair, Bush, and Ortinau 352). Whatever the sampling is, cluster sample provides that sampling clustered units are divided into exclusive groupings where each cluster is considered a representative of mutually similar components (Zikmund 708). A more common term used in the marketing research field is segmentation when referring to a population group of customers and this can also be cluster sampled by customers in different cities to find out which cities are alike in consumer purchasing (Churchill and Iacobucci 820). In psychology, clustering is a process of putting together groups of people, based on their responses to variables, rather than grouping those variables, such as found in factor analysis (Field 1). From that point, Euclidean distance determines the geometric distance between two objects, also known as cases. In the cases where there are some negative and some positive differences, the distances are squared, therefore providing a positive distance. This is because a negative distance, squared, becomes a positive. A positive distance, squared, remains a positive distance. At the end of squaring all the distances, then they are all summed up and then the square

Research Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Research Design - Essay Example In order to effectively carry out the rigorous inquiry, we need to have a proper research design in place which will ensure that there is organized inquiry of this information. A good research design will assist the research to carry out an inquiry in the most organized manner. It will help to collect the most valid data and analyze it in a way that it supports the claims of the research. (Ktichin and Tate, 2005) A research design is the most important tool in any research which aids in the data collection procedure. A research design represent the organized manner in which the research will select is samples, collect data and analyze it. Research design is the main engine which drives the research and which determines the validity of the data collected and analyzed. Therefore it is the most important tool that will act as the guideline for carrying out the research process. (Clifford and valentine, 2003) Any research must employ a good research design in order to effectively carry out the data collection process. There are some key elements that are used to assess the effectiveness of the research design. The following are some of the important elements that mark a good research design; (Punch, 2006) A research is usually set out in order to carry out a systematic inquiry into a problem. A research does not start from nowhere but it starts from a point. This means that there has to be a problem or an issue that is to be clearly researched or that will be looked into. A research question is important as it determine the overall direction that the research will take. The research question should be framed such that it will lead to the discovery of new knowledge. (Punch, 2006) This means that are research topic must be new and likely to add to the existing body of knowledge. It has to be narrowed down in order to address a specific area. It has to be backed by enough literature which means that there has to be wide research on the topic before deciding to research on it. The research topic must be original and relevant to the subject of stud. In this case it has to be a geographical issue. There should be considerations on the practicability of carrying out a research on the specif ic topic as far as elements of time, cost, equipment, expertise, and others are concerned. The review of the literature will help you to identify the research gap and identification of the research topic to be carried out. It will also help you to identify the best method that can be used to carry out the research so as not to repeat the failed methods that may have been applied before and to choose the best method that may have been used before. (Parson and Knight, 2005) The nature of the design A research design should be so casual. This means that it must employ scientific means of inquires and follow all the required procedures. In this case

Jack Vettriano A Contemporary Artist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Jack Vettriano A Contemporary Artist - Essay Example The paper "Jack Vettriano A Contemporary Artist" talks about the artist, Jack Vettriano. In 1999, Vettriano work was exhibited, for the first time in New-York. He produced twenty paintings and all of them were sold after the first day. Vettriano has produced artistic paintings such as, Voyage of Discovery (1992), Dance me to the end of Love (1993) and The Singing Butlers. 2004 was a great year for Vettriano since his painting, known as the singing butler was sold at Sotheby, Scotland for close to 750,000 dollars and he received the Order of British Empire Award (OBE) for his excellent work in visual arts. Jack Vettriano is also involved in Philanthropic activities. In 2008, he donated a painting, the study of blue-birds for auction in the London Trade fair in-order to raise funds for the Terrance Higgins Trust. In 2004, Vettriano set up a scholarship for St Andrews University to fund a student who was unable to attend University. These are only but a few examples of Vettriano Philant hropic activities. The style of Vettriano painting is often described genre painting and is viewed as sentimental or mysterious as they often depict elegant men and women, with cigarettes and in cocktail parties hinting at erotic activities with intimacies. Today, Jack Vettriano works in his studios in London and Scotland and he has many collectors of his works. The artistic painting ill review is The Singing Butler painting. The Singing Butler is a classic painting and was produced in 1992 and it is suited.

Marketing Communications Plan For Diageo Marketing Essay

Marketing Communications Plan For Diageo Marketing Essay For the company to achieve these objectives, there needs to a situation analysis which will give an overview on the companys currents position. This will be done through analysing the PEST factors that will affect the proposed marketing communications strategy, evaluating White Horse Whiskys performance in the market currently and also identifying the competitors actions. The report will further give an overview of the companys objectives by highlighting the desired position for White Horse whisky through giving a detailed business mission and communication objectives. The communications plan will also give an overview of the how the company will get to its set objectives through the use of the segmentation, targeting and positioning of White Horse Whisky. At the end of the report, the implementation of the plan through the communication tools and messages, the way through which it will be implemented and tracking the progress of the strategy will be discussed to ensure a suitable plan was put into practice. 2.0 SITUATION ANALYSIS (Where are we now?) 2.1 Current Company Performance Diageo is the brand owner of two whisky labels (Bells and White Horse) in the whisky market. White Horse Whisky has a market share of 2.3% in the market as of 2005. The brand has had a downward trend over the past years and wishes to relaunch it in July 2010 to a younger population. The company has a weak distribution chain as Whit Horse Whisky is only available at off-licences and major supermarkets. 2.2 Distinctive Competitive (Marketing) Advantages White Horse Whisky is an established brand which was created in 1890. It has been know as a quality whisky brand especially with the current owners who manufacture global drink labels. 2.3 Marketing Mix (4Ps) Product The product is a blended Scotch whisky which is currently at the decline stage. Price The current price of White Horse whisky is  £14.99 per litre for the squat bottle. Place The brand is available only at super markets and off licences shops. Promotion Diageo has ceased advertising support for White Horse whisky. This has made the brand have little competitive advantage in the market because consumers especially the new drinkers will not be aware of the brand and the old drinkers who need constant reminders and reinforcement might think the brand has died if they are not constantly given information. This could also have been the cause of the gradual decline in the market share of White horse whisky with consumers choosing competitor brands over it. 2.4 Current Customer Segments The brand has 2million consumers over the age of 50years. This accounts for over 50% of the brand consumption. This age group is the ageing population and if the trend continues with them, the brand will eventually die off. 2.5 Uncontrollable Event(s) That Can Impact on the Marketing of White Horse Whisky (Macro Environment) PEEST Analysis Political/legal Whisky brands may be advertised on TV now. Economic The Scotch whisky market has been in decline for over 15years. Ecological/physical environment Increased environmental awareness and the need to treat and respect the world. Socio-cultural Drinking patters have moved away from traditional dark spirits in favour of white spirits, wines and lagers. The number of people in their twenties and thirties drinking whisky has declined over the years. Whisky has always been acknowledged as an acquired taste that was unlikely to appeal to novice drinkers. Whisky is regarded as a spirit that is difficult to mix. Current image of whisky is seen as outdated and largely irrelevant. Binge drinking amongst young people which is seen currently as a serious social problem in UK. Technological Growing rate of internet use among the population in UK. 2.6 Micro Environment MARKET In 2005, the overall whisky market had 3.9m consumers. Size Growth rate White Horse whisky had a decline of 0.6% from 2004 -2005. Market trends The advent of drinkers moving from traditional dark spirits to chilled, long, lighter drinks. Table 1: The market in the microenvironment 2.7 SWOT Analysis for White Horse Whisky Strengths Strong brand name and rich heritage. Diageo has a budget of  £3 strictly for marketing of the brand which will promote awareness and change the way it is perceived by the target audience. Weaknesses Lack of advertising of the brand over the years. Small distribution networks. Opportunities Young people who are being targeted enjoy going out and having fun during their spare time. Recent relaxation of the voluntary code for whisky advertisements on TV. Threats Current whisky image is seen as outdated and largely irrelevant which gives it an old-fashioned image. The Scotch whisky market has been in decline for over 15years Drinking patterns have moved away from traditional spirits like whisky to wine and lagers. Whisky has been known to have an acquired taste that was unlikely to appeal to novice drinkers. Binge drinking by young people. Table 2 : SWOT Analysis for White Horse Whisky 3.0 SET OBJECTIVES (Where Do We Want To Go?) 3.1 Marketing Objectives To increase the brands market share from 2.3% to 6% to consumers under 50years within 3years. 3.2 Marketing Communication Objectives To reposition White Horse whisky from being an old fashioned drink for old age groups to a contemporary and authentic drink for 20-28year old male and females within 3years. 4.0 STRATEGY(How Do We Get There?) 4.1 Segmentation The youth and young people who are upwardly mobile in the UK. 4.2 Targeting The target market will be women and men aged 20-28years who are still experimenting with spirits with no brand loyalty yet. 4.3 Positioning White Horse whisky will be positioned to the target market as a contemporary, fun and quality drink. This position resonates with the values of our target market and our brand values. 4.4 ATR Model for Buying Decision The purchase of whisky is a low involvement decision. This is because it has a low expenditure and cant be viewed as a personal risk. ATR model which is Awareness, Trial, and Repurchase is suitable for this product. The consumer becomes aware of the brand- White Horse whisky through the proposed marketing communication strategy and will make a trial purchase to assess the drink. If taking of the whisky produces favourable results, the consumer will become interested in White Horse whisky and will therefore repeat the buying of the whisky at a later time. This will gradually increase the brand share of the product. The plan will give a devise on how to create the initial awareness of the brand to the selected target market. This can be used to determine the product adoption process. 4.5 Pull Strategy The pull strategy will be adopted to achieve the communication objectives. This strategy involves focusing our communication directly at our target market; this in turn would stimulate a desire, demand and eventual purchase of White Horse Whisky. 5.0 TACTICAL PLAN (How Do We Implement the Strategy?) 5.1 Communication Tools to be used and how they will be used Communication tools Medium Reason for choice Media Vehicles Advertising Type of media selected channels White Horse Target Group Use age Television The target audience have a heavy exposure to TV Specific programmes on ITV: It is an effective tool to reach our target audience on a large scale 1. Prison break This can create a strong brand image for White Horse whisky 2. Gossip Girl TV has a high visual and strong impact that can easily attract the audience because it influences multiple senses. 3. Vampire Dairies The target audience relax by watching these entertainment programmes 4. 24 5. Sports shows Magazine There is high selective readership for magazines. It is easy to communicate with our chosen target audience knowing their choice. Cosmo Girl British Vogue Mens Vogue The magazine can also be passed on to friends and this can be read not necessarily by only the purchaser It will show good quality and pictures and have high information content Billboards and posters This will give a strong impact with a simple message. This helps to connect with the audience less is more attitude.   To be placed strategically near: City centres, malls   Billboards and posters The billboards have a high frequency exposure and will be easily grab attention.   The posters will in addition be placed in bars and clubs The placed location will reach the target market. This will make the target audience aware of the brand as they will be exposed to the advert continuously and frequently.   Advertising Internet This medium is very attractive to them and they spend lots of hours a day on the internet. Low production cost which will reach a potential audience at any time of the day. Web banners on social networking sites (Face book and MySpace) Cinemas The target audience enjoy having night outs especially at the cinema Odeon and Cineworld cinemas across the country when showing:   Action and Science Fiction films in 3D, Romantic Comedy and Thrillers. Spotify This music streaming service has become popular among the target audience. This will be placed for listeners of: rock, RB, hip hop, pop and rap. It has be ability to reach the audience by postcode because there is a registration for the service Its a perfect medium to reach the target audience who love to listen to music. Sales Promotion Free trials Consumers appreciate offers and love to have value for their money. Selected clubs and pubs across the country.   Sales Promotion   Free trials It is quick and easy to implement and will have an immediate impact on the sale of the brand It will encourage retrial Free gifts This will encourage purchase Supermarket chains, off licences There will be a small white horse attached to each white horse whisky bottle There will be free t-shirts distributed to consumers at clubs and bars. Sponsorship Fashion show This will change the perception of it being an old generation drink These sponsorship of youth events will build awareness for the brand The target audience use this as a means of relaxing and will be great fun for them which can easily to reach them. The fashion show and valentine part will hold at selected regions Valentine party 5.2 Message(s) We Wish To Communicate White Horse is approachable, light- hearted and sociable. 5.3 Consistency across Different Tools and Messages The messages are consistent and they all carry the message that the brand is of quality and is a drink for the younger generation. 5.4 Necessary Resources/Budgets There is a  £3 budget for the marketing communication strategy for one year. The budget will be sufficient to implement the strategy in various vehicles for the duration chosen. 6.0 ACTION PLAN (Who, What, When?) Please refer to Appendix 1 and 2 for detailed communication spending. 6.1 Responsible party for implementation This communications plan will be executed by a top advertising firm in the UK. The marketing department will have the responsibility of communication with the advertising agency to ensure all communication is placed as at when due and also make appearances at the sponsorship events. The department will also be responsible for the appropriate quantity distribution of the soft toys (The White Horse) and t-shirts to the regions. The accounting department ensures vouchers raised for the advertising agency are paid on time. Diageos IT department will also make sure the website is always up and running to appeal to consumers who will be visiting the site. 6.2 Time frame of plan implementation The plan will be implemented between July 2010- June 2011. 6.3 Resource Allocation for the Action The communication plan has been done and will cost  £2,899,335. This amount is exclusive of the allocation of  £ 100,000 which will be paid to the agency for creatives production and services. 7.0 CONTROL ( Keeping Track Of Progress) The brand will be monitored through sales analysis. The marketing department will obtain the sales figures weekly that will be used to compare the actual sales of White Horse whisky to the target sale. Information will also be gathered from the distributors of the brand on customers perception of the drink. The sales report should be gotten by region and if any extraordinary low sale is received from any region, their communication should be restructured. Within the first year, the brand share should increase by 0.7% to 3% and the profile of young drinkers should increase to 37%. This will make the overall brand share increase of 6% and 60% of young drinkers by 2013 will be achieved. Depending on the first year figures, the marketing manager should be able to forecast and evaluate the communication strategy being used and make corrective actions where necessary. If there is an exceptionally low increase in the first year period which will essentially where a lot of money will be spent on communication, the communication plans should be revisited to avoid massive failures in 2013. Each person/ department in Diageo should be clear on their responsibilities to enable the company meet the expected target. 8.0 THE 3Ms These are the key resources 8.1 Men This is not mentioned in case study. 8.2 Money   There is a budget of  £3m for the repositioning of White Horse whisky for one year. 8.3 Minutes   The deadline to achieve the 3.7% brand share increase is 3years. The plan will be solely for the 1st year while recommendations for the next 2years will be provided. 9.0 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE NEXT 2YEARS From July 2011- July 2013, the following should be done to reinforce the brand in the mind of the consumers: The television adverts should be aired in alternative months. The use of posters at bars and clubs should be continued. The online adverts on Facebook, MySpace and Spotify should continue every month. Other sales promotions should be introduced to give room for another exciting support to the consumers from the brand. The brand should also explore opportunities in celebrity endorsements which the target audience fancy. Quarterly shows should be sponsored at selected clubs around the country. Possible production of shot glasses with the White Horse logo can be distributed to bars and clubs. Appendix 2 (Cost Analysis) TV adverts: Coverage within the UK REGION COST FOR 30 ADVERTS ON ITV LATE PEAK DRAMAS Central  £10,313 London  £16,730 Yorkshire  £3,827 Scotland  £3,169 Total Cost  £34,039 Number of shows to place adverts: 4 Frequency: 4 times weekly, for 20 weeks. Monthly cost:  £344,624 Cinema adverts:  £23,000 per month Magazines: Number of magazines: 4 Frequency: monthly Monthly cost:  £73,200 Outdoor adverts: Billboards and Posters:  £15,000 monthly Online adverts  £37,500 monthly Sponsorships A total of  £150,000 was budgeted to sponsor specified events across the four regions. Sales Promotion 1000 t-shirts and soft horses, free trials over the year:  £ 96,500. 10.0 Creatives to be sent to agency Appendix 3 (Advert for Television and Cinema) This will be a 30 seconds advert which will make our target audience associate White Horse whisky as a fun drink. Scene 1 Nice music playing in the background The advert starts at a bar scene with a couple of people ordering drinks at the bar. In a distance, people can be seen dancing. The camera zooms in on a young man and lady (Lady 1). They exchange pleasantries and the young man leaves shortly as he gets his drink Scene 2 The young man is seen with two others men chatting and looking around. He spots a young lady (Lady 2) in a corner sitting by herself and he walks up to her to ask for a dance. Lady 2 agrees and they move to the dance floor. Scene 3 The young man and Lady 2 are seen dancing and having a good time. Lady 1 walks up to them with two drinks in her hand. She hands a drink over to Lady 2 and turns to face the young man. She says to the young man: I see youve met my mother. The young man has a confused face and says: your mother? Scene 4 The three of are sitted at a table and are seen chatting, laughing and having White Horse whisky. The advert closes and a screen showing the White Horse whisky bottle and a glass with the contents. The tag line: White Horse.Surprising fun is shown below this screen This advert is to make the target audience know that even though the label is old, it still has the right mix and quality to appeal to them. . Appendix 4(Advert for Magazines, Billboards and posters) A picture of a group of four young adults (two men and two women) wearing casual and fashionable outfits. They are smiling at themselves and each person is seen holding a glass that contains White Horse whisky. The caption underneath the picture states: White HorseSurprising fun. Appendix 5(Design for t-shirt) The shirt is a black cotton Polo shirt. At the centre of the shirt in front, there is a White Horse. The back of the shirt carries the caption:Surprising fun.